https://www.myemnotes.com/ 2026-04-11T01:30:03+00:00 https://www.myemnotes.com/ https://www.myemnotes.com/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=logo.png text/html 2023-04-25T12:16:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://www.myemnotes.com/doku.php?id=wiki:gastroenterology:barrets_oesophagus&rev=1682424968&do=diff Barrett's Oesophagus * acquired condition as a response to gastro-oesophageal reflux which leads to a columnar lined distal oesophagus * risk increased: male, age, obesity, smoking, alcohol and frequency of reflux episodes * known association with transformation to adenocarcinoma text/html 2023-04-25T12:16:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://www.myemnotes.com/doku.php?id=wiki:gastroenterology:biliarydisease&rev=1682424968&do=diff Biliary Disease Cholelithiasis * 80% = cholesterol as major component * pain usually poorly localised * no systemic signs/symptoms * lab Ix - normal * USS preferred imaging modality, MRI if stone is thought to be in the duct (choledocholithiasis) text/html 2023-04-25T12:16:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://www.myemnotes.com/doku.php?id=wiki:gastroenterology:constipation&rev=1682424968&do=diff constipation text/html 2023-04-25T12:16:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://www.myemnotes.com/doku.php?id=wiki:gastroenterology:diarrhoea&rev=1682424968&do=diff Diarrhoea A change in stool consistency to watery or loose, with >3 episodes or >200g stool in 24/24. * Acute: <14 days * Persistent: 14-30 days * Chronic: >30 days Differential Diagnosis for diarrhoeal illness is broad. Consider: * mesenteric ischemia text/html 2023-04-25T12:16:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://www.myemnotes.com/doku.php?id=wiki:gastroenterology:gord&rev=1682424968&do=diff GORD Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease * Fundamental abnormality is incompetence of the oesophageal-gastric junction as an anti-reflux barrier * Peristaltic dysfunction becomes progressively more common going from non-erosive to erosive oesophagitis, to Barrett’s oesophagus. text/html 2023-04-25T12:16:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://www.myemnotes.com/doku.php?id=wiki:gastroenterology:haematemesis_and_melaena&rev=1682424968&do=diff GI bleeding Upper GI bleed (UGIB) * Upper GI bleeding can be divided into variceal and non-variceal causes, because of important differences in Mx strategies ---------- History Likely cause NSAID use, previous ulcer,systemic illness Peptic ulcer disease/gastroduodenitis text/html 2023-04-25T12:16:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://www.myemnotes.com/doku.php?id=wiki:gastroenterology:hepaticdisease&rev=1682424968&do=diff Acute Liver Failure * A specific term used to refer to: * acute abnormality of Liver Function Tests in someone without underlying liver disease as opposed to Acute on Chronic Liver disease and others * is associated with a coagulopathy which is different from the coagulopathy of sepsis. The coagulopathy required is determined as: INR >1.5 or prolonged PT text/html 2023-04-25T12:16:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://www.myemnotes.com/doku.php?id=wiki:gastroenterology:hepatorenal_syndrome&rev=1682424968&do=diff Hepatorenal Syndrome * end-stage result of poor renal perfusion induced by increasingly severe hepatic injury. * usually portal hypertension due to cirrhosis, severe alcoholic hepatitis, or, less often, metastatic tumors * diagnosis of exclusion and associated with poor prognosis text/html 2023-04-25T12:16:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://www.myemnotes.com/doku.php?id=wiki:gastroenterology:ibd&rev=1682424968&do=diff IBD Inflammatory Bowel Disease Ulcerative Colitis * a type of IBD that characteristically involves diffuse inflammation of the colonic mucosa, especially the rectum, but also variable lengths of the colon, in a relapsing, remitting course * considered a multifactorial polygenic disease, as the exact aetiology is still unknown but includes environmental factors, immune dysfunction, and genetic predisposition text/html 2023-04-25T12:16:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://www.myemnotes.com/doku.php?id=wiki:gastroenterology:pancreatitis&rev=1682424968&do=diff Pancreatitis * 80% - alcohol or gall stone disease. * biliary tract disease is more common cause in women vs alcoholism in men * recent excess alcohol, recent large meal. * PHx of gall stones, mumps, drugs (thiazides, sulphonamides) * Trauma